a Ju/

There are 32 cuca shops in Tsumkwe. In the whole of the Odjozondjupa region, formerly Eastern Bushmanland, in north-eastern Namibia, there are only three other shops. In the desert town of Tsumkwe, "cuca shop" is local
\nslang for a drinking house.
\n
\n"The Ju/'hoansi have the highest murder rate of any people in Namibia, and it is not because they are naturally like that," says, Ruud Klep, tourism advisor to the Nyae Nyae conservancy in which many of the local indigenous San people, the Ju/'hoansi, now live. "They are naturally a peaceful people. It is the alcohol that causes it."
\n
\n"The day after pay day, you can forget it, there are no workers," says Arno
\nOosthuysen, owner of Tsumkwe Lodge, one of the few businesses in the dusty
\ntown. The people are all in the cuca shops. "People have no work attitude," says Oosthuysen. "These people have had everything for free up to now, they don't have to work because aid agencies will just
\nbail them out."
\n
\nThis is the crisis the Ju/'hoansi San people find themselves in at the beginning of a new century, a crisis brought on by the impact of the modern market-economy on a traditional hunter/gatherer existence. Up until 40 years ago, the Ju/'hoansi were nomadic people successfully eking out an existence in the vast reaches of the Kalahari desert which forms the border between Namibia and Botswana in southern Africa. Sadly, it has, more often than not, been the very programmes designed to help them, that have led them into the crisis.
\n
\nN/ann!ao Kiewet is chairman of the Nyae Nyae Farmers Co-operative (NNFC) the only body in the region which gives the Ju/'hoansi any collective representation. He says the traditional lifestyle began to disintegrate in
\nthe 1960's when the commissioner of the area decided to bring about 900
\nmembers of the various bands of Ju/'hoansi from their hunting/gathering areas into Tsumkwe, not far from the Botswanan border, so they could be educated and learn to farm. Moving i

APN09A05_454

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