Ju/

N/ann!ao Kiewet is chairman of the Nyae Nyae Farmers Co-operative (NNFC) the only body in the region which gives the Ju/'hoansi any collective representation. He says the traditional lifestyle began to disintegrate in
\nthe 1960's when the commissioner of the area decided to bring about 900
\nmembers of the various bands of Ju/'hoansi from their hunting/gathering areas into Tsumkwe, not far from the Botswanan border, so they could be educated and learn to farm. Moving into town, people left their traditional way of life behind.
\n
\nThen in 1969 many more people moved into the few small towns when, through
\nNamibia's South African influenced grand apartheid scheme, the Ju/'hoansi
\nwere confined to 30% of their original land and only one of their former
\nnine permanent water sources. "It was the virtual collapse of the Ju/'hoansi social system and their traditional way of life," says Klep. "There were many problems, and only a few got jobs," says Kiewet. This led to social problems such as alcoholism, prostitution and murder.
\n
\nIn 1978 American Filmmaker, John Marshall, whose family had lived with the
\nJu/'hoansi in the 1950s returned to the area. Horrified by what he found, he set up the Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia (NNDFN). His lobbying efforts enabled the Ju/'hoansi to return to their traditional areas, but the people no longer wanted the harsh nomadic existence, and preferred to settle in one place near bore holes the government had drilled for game. Living in
\none place also meant they could not sustain themselves by traditional
\nmethods as the "veld food" (food harvested from indigenous plants) around their villages was quickly depleted. The
\nNNDFN tried, therefore, to introduce agriculture and animal husbandry, both
\nof which failed as the people had no pastoral tradition.
\n
\nIn attempting to aid the Ju/'hoansi, the NNDFN helped to set up the Nyae
\nNyae Farmers Co-operative as a representative body for the Ju/'hoansi. Th

APN09A04_045

uniquement en France, Belgique, Suisse

Non

Droits gérés

22,5Mo (623,4Ko) / 29,5cm x 19,1cm / 3480 x 2259 (300dpi)