Title

Negro in Labor Movements, 1940s. Creator: Melinda O. Smith.

Caption

Negro in Labor Movements, 1940s. 'Negro in the Coal Mines; Book - The Black Workers; Authors - Spero and Harris. The early history of the Negro coal miner is an integral part of the expansion of the bituminous coal industry in the southern fields of West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama. While it is true that Negroes were employed sporadically in Illinois and Indiana and in the northern Appalachian region, Pennsylvania and Ohio, in the early eighties and nineties during labor difficulties, few of them have been found permanent employment in these sections until very recently. Even today the greatest number of Negro miners is found in the rich southern Appalachian fields...'. Note in margin, 'p 206'.

Credit line

Photo12/Heritage Images/Heritage Art

Reference

HRM23A09_292

Model release

NA

Property release

NA

License type

Rights managed

Available size

21,5Mb (720,1Kb) / 8,0in x 10,5in / 2393 x 3139 (300dpi)

Keywords

people black library work employment industry country letter color industrial mining miners miner labour text location century handwriting document social life concept correspondence African American African-American B&W 1940s afro-american lettering public library MONOCHROME coal mining Forties United States of America Colour Coal Industry black & white black and white B W white and black coal miner 20th century New York Public Library NYPL heritage American America USA decade united states cultural heritage Black History Heritage Art Schomburg Center for Research Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture essays Melinda O. Smith Smith Melinda O.